Most of Paul’s list of the flesh involves relationships. Hatred, jealousy, rage, selfish ambition, and factions all describe the breakdown of love between people. When the flesh rules, relationships fracture. Communities meant to reflect God’s unity instead reflect division and strife.

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These sins are especially destructive in the church. The Galatians were tempted to turn their freedom into conflict, biting and devouring one another. Paul shows that when love is absent, the flesh is at work.

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The Spirit calls us into a different way: love, peace, patience, kindness. He restores relationships rather than tearing them down. Where the flesh divides, the Spirit unites. Where the flesh envies, the Spirit teaches us contentment.